导读:**单词讲解**音标(英音):[æv(ə)rɪdʒ] 音标(美音):[æv(ər)ɪdʒ]中文释义(含词性):AVG是“average”的缩写,作名词时意为“平均,平均数;一般,普通;中等;平均分,成功率;[商]海损”,作形容词时意为“平均...
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**单词讲解**音标(英音):['æv(ə)rɪdʒ] 音标(美音):['æv(ər)ɪdʒ]中文释义(含词性):AVG是“average”的缩写,作名词时意为“平均,平均数;一般,普通;中等;平均分,成功率;[商]海损”,作形容词时意为“平均的;一般的,普通的;中等的;[商]按海损法规估价的”,作及物动词时意为“算出……的平均数;将……平均分配;平均达到,平均做到;使平衡”,作不及物动词时意为“平均为”。
**单词起源**“average”一词起源于中世纪的拉丁语“averaria”,意为“损坏分摊”,最初在商业和海事法中使用,用于表示损失或费用的分摊。
后来,这个词逐渐扩展到数学和统计学领域,用于表示一组数值的平均水平。
**单词详细讲解**在数学中,“average”指一组数的总和除以数的个数所得到的结果,它反映了这组数的中心位置,是描述数据集中趋势的一种重要统计量。
在统计学中,“average”更多地被用来描述数据的中心位置或分布特征。
**助记技巧**1. 联想助记:可以联想为“A(一个)V(胜利手势,代表5)G(哥),一个胜利手势的哥哥算出平均分”,帮助记忆“average”有“平均”的含义。
2. 谐音助记:“啊,我热极了”,在天气很热的时候,大家的感受都是“一般(average)”的。
3. 词根词缀助记:average由aver(使平衡)+ -age(名词后缀)构成,表示使某物达到平衡状态的过程或结果,引申为“平均数”。
4. 场景助记:可以想象一个场景,老师在统计全班同学的平均分时,会用到这个词,即“average”。
5. 对比助记:将“average”与“median”(中位数)和“mode”(众数)进行对比记忆,它们都是描述数据集中趋势的统计量,但各有特点。
**常用词组**1. on (the/an) average 平均起来2. above (the/an) average 在平均水平以上3. below (the/an) average 在平均水平以下4. average out 达到平均数5. average cost 平均成本**词根词缀及记忆方法**词根:aver-,意为“使平衡”。
词缀:-age,为名词后缀,表示状态、行为或结果。
记忆方法:将词根“aver-”和词缀“-age”结合起来记忆,理解为“使某物达到平衡状态的过程或结果”,从而引申出“平均数”的含义。
**单词造句**1. The average temperature in summer is about 30 degrees Celsius. 夏天的平均气温大约是30摄氏度。
2. His score is above the average. 他的分数在平均水平以上。
3. The company's sales figures are below average this quarter. 这个季度公司的销售额低于平均水平。
4. The results of the survey averaged out to a satisfaction rate of 80%. 调查结果的平均满意度为80%。
5. The average cost of a meal in this restaurant is about \$20. 在这家餐厅,一顿饭的平均费用大约是20美元。
**名著小说中含有该词的句子**1.出处:《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)by Jane Austen 英文原句:On the contrary, every thing seemed to be going on well, and to be progressing towards a fair and happy conclusion—average happiness, perhaps, but as good as it could be in the general way of the world. 中文翻译:相反,一切似乎都进行得很顺利,正在朝着一个美满幸福的结局发展——或许只是平凡人的那种幸福,但按尘世间的常规来说,也算得上是相当美满的了。
2.出处:《了不起的盖茨比》(The Great Gatsby)by F. Scott Fitzgerald 英文原句:He had a vision of the hundreds of faces of the girls in the country he knew, the faces of the girls whose beads turned as brown as hazelnuts in the summer, whose bodies developed with an astonishing sense of destiny under the August suns of Virginia. He saw the girls in their summer dresses, white dresses, and college hats and their bodies changing as the season changed, under the trees, in the fields, in the open air, and he knew that they would go on changing forever, growing and changing and spreading out, with the changing seasons, changing with the years and the years ahead. The young men drifted north, away from Chicago, and eventually towards the East Coast, and after the war, Tom and Daisy, with Jordan Baker, did drift back there, and Tom made a modest amount of money in real estate but it was not what he had been dreaming of and what he had expected. But he did not mind, much, he was satisfied to be back in the East, back in his home town, among the people he had known as a boy, and he could see Daisy again, perhaps see her again, and perhaps, he thought, everything between them had finished now. It was all over. Daisy was a young girl and her life was just beginning, but there was a certain sense of waste, of hurried, hurried change, of things taken up and cast away, of a certain amount of destroyed beauty, of life going on under the shadow of death. The Great Gatsby was a story of the West, and of the East, and of the great green light at the end of Daisy's dock. And of the average man's struggle to reach it and find that it was empty. 中文翻译:他仿佛看到了他所认识的乡村里的成百上千张女孩子的面孔,这些女孩子的发辫在夏天里变得像榛果一样乌黑,她们在弗吉尼亚八月炽热的阳光下,以一种惊人的宿命感发育成长。
他看到了她们身穿夏装——白色的连衣裙,戴着大学帽——她们的身体随着季节的更迭而变化,在树荫下,在田野里,在户外,他知道她们将会永远变化下去,随着季节的变换成长、变化和扩散,而汤姆和黛西,以及乔丹·贝克,在战后,随着年轻人向北远离芝加哥,最终飘向东海岸,汤姆在房地产上赚了一小笔钱,但这并不是他梦寐以求的。
不过他并不太在意,能回到东部,回到他的家乡,回到他少年时代所认识的人中间,他感到很满足,他又能见到黛西了,或许能再见到她,他想,他们之间的一切现在都结束了。
一切都结束了。
黛西是个年轻姑娘,她的生活才刚刚开始,但这里有一种浪费的感觉,一种急促、急促的变化,一种东西被拿起来又被扔掉的感觉,一种相当数量的美丽被毁灭的感觉,生命在死亡的阴影下继续。
了不起的盖茨比讲述的是一个西部和东部的故事,是黛西码头尽头那盏巨大的绿灯的故事。
也是一个普通人努力去触及它,却发现它是空虚的故事。
3. 出处:《飘》(Gone with the Wind)by Margaret Mitchell 英文原句:The average man is, as a rule, more interested in a good story than in the truth. 中文翻译:一般来说,普通人往往对好的故事比对真相更感兴趣。
4. 出处:《白鲸记》(Moby Dick)by Herman Melville 英文原句:The whale, as with other leviathans, has an average number appended to his specific name. 中文翻译:鲸鱼和其他大型海洋动物一样,在其学名后面都有一个平均数。
5. 出处:《双城记》(A Tale of Two Cities)by Charles Dickens 英文原句:It was the average of a city's life. Such scenes were common enough. 中文翻译:这是城市生活的常态。
这样的场景屡见不鲜。
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